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AXIS 292 - Glossary of Terms

ActiveX - A control (or set of rules) used by a browser.

ActiveX controls are often downloaded and installed

automatically as required.

API - Application Programming Interface. The Axis API can

be used for integrating Axis products into other

applications.

CGI - Common Gateway Interface. A set of rules (or a

program) that allows a Web Server to communicate with

other programs.

Client/Server - Describes the network relationship between

two computer programs in which one, the client, makes a

service request from another - the server.

DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) locates and

translates Internet domain names into IP (Internet Protocol)

addresses.

Ethernet - A widely used networking standard.

ETRAX - Axis' own microprocessor.

Firewall - A virtual barrier between a LAN (Local Area

Network) and other networks, e.g. the Internet.

FTP - File Transfer Protocol. Used for the simple transfer of

files to and from an FTP-server.

HTML - Hypertext Mark-up Language. Used widely for

authoring documents viewed in web browsers.

HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The set of rules for

exchanging files (text, images, sound, video, and other files)

on the World Wide Web.

Intranet - A private network limited to an organization or

corporation. Usually closed to external traffic.

IP - Internet-Protocol. See TCP/IP.

IP address - A unique number used by a network device, to

allow it to be identified and found on the network. The

32-bit IP address is made up of four groups (or quads) of

decimal digits separated by periods. An example of an IP

address is: 192.168.0.1

JPEG - A standard image format, used widely for

photographs. Also known as JPG.

LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers

and associated devices that typically share common

resources within a limited geographical area.

Linux - A popular operating system, which is “open source”

and practically free of charge.

Mbit/s - Megabits per second. A unit for measuring speeds

in networks. A LAN might run at 10 or 100 Mbit/s.

Motion JPEG - A digital video format where each frame

consists of a JPEG image.

MPEG-2 - A standard video format, used for low bandwidth

video streams.

Multicast - The same information is sent only once and

only to the intended recipients.

NWAY - A network protocol that automatically negotiates

the highest possible common transmission speed between

two devices.

Ping - A small utility used for sending data packets to

network resources to check that they are working and that

the network is intact.

Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two entities

will communicate. Protocols are found at many levels of

communication, and there are hardware protocols and

software protocols.

Router - A device that determines the next network point to

which a packet should be forwarded on its way to its final

destination. A router is often included as part of a network

switch (see below.)

SMTP - A common e-mail protocol.

Subnet Mask - An IP address consists of two components:

the network address and the host address. “Subnetting’

enables a network administrator to further divide the host

part of the address into two or more subnets. The subnet

mask identifies the subnet to which an IP address belongs.

Switch - Whilst a simple hub transmits all data to all

devices connected to it, a switch only transmits the data to

the device it is specifically intended for.

TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A

suite of network protocols that determine how data is

transmitted. TCP/IP is used on many networks, including

the Internet. TCP keeps track of the individual packets of

information and IP contains the rules for how the packets

are actually sent and received.

URL - Uniform Resource Locator. An "address" on the

network.

WAN - Wide-Area-Network. Similar to a LAN, but on a

larger geographical scale.

Web server - A program on a computer (server) providing

the resources (e.g. web pages) requested by the user (client.)

Video source - The source from where the video stream is

received. Video encoders, video servers and network

cameras are different kinds of video sources.

Glossary of Terms

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